The Basic Tenets of the New Sociology of Childhood

Discuss the basic tenants and evaluate the utility of the new sociology of childhood in gaining a better understanding of young people. Childhood is the age span ranging from birth to adolescence and its non-specific for it can imply a varying range of years in human development reference. The age ranges anywhere from 12 years to 15years with 18years being most common. Previous research done by sociologists focused on children primarily in terms of socialization and within the context of the family. The ‘new sociology of childhood’ argues that children inhabit more than one world, worlds that may well conflict those of adults, those of children s own making, and those that children†¦show more content†¦The Marxist perspective argues that childhood is socially constructed because the bourgeoisie need a better-educated and skilled work force to cope with complex machines and follow instructions. The family provided food, shelter and clothing and by paying taxes provides education and healthcare for those who will be the next generation of workers. All of this benefited bourgeoisie at all most no expense to them. The ideology of responsibility of parents ensures that parents make sacrifices to bring up their children. Therefore, the bourgeoisie benefit from the concept of childhood. Therefore by arguing that childhood is social constructed, the â€Å"new sociology of childhood† enables one to understand young people from a different perspective. Such notions of childhood innocence, vulnerability, helplessness, economic dependence among others are scrutinized with regard to broader structural forces. Thus young people even though by virtue of their biological and psychological make-up may be similar across all cultures, what they are expected to do or how they view themselves differ from place to place, situation to situation. For instance even though the United Nations universalize childhood by defining it as, â€Å"Childhood is the time for children to be in school and at play, to grow strong and confident with the love and encouragement of their family and an extended community of caring adults† (UNICEF 2005).Show MoreRelatedTheories And Concepts Of Social Work1645 Words   |  7 PagesTheories and Concepts in Social Work Hawra Alakhdhair Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis My view of theory and concepts As humans develop, social scientists utilize theories and concepts to define and explain behaviors. Each tenet of theories and concepts defines these frameworks difference. I will begin to define theories and concepts using the scientific and social field lenses. Scientific and social theory The definition of theory and concept in the scientific field is differentRead More Freud and Jung Essay1403 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluence. Although he came to part company with Freud in later years, Freud had a distinct and profound influence on Carl Jung’s psychoanalytic perspectives, as well as many others. Within the scope of analytic psychology, there exist two essential tenets. The first is the system in which sensations and feelings are analyzed and listed by type. The second has to do with a way to analyze the psyche that follows Jung’s concepts. It stresses a group unconscious and a mystical factor in the growth of theRead MoreThe Influence Of Symbolic Interactionism And The Social Context On How Others Might See Us1578 Words   |  7 Pagesindividual. Before one can focus on the works of Goffman, it is imperative to understand the structure of Social Interactionism – a term coined by Herbert Blumer (1992) (Ray, 2017: npg). It is described as a â€Å"micro-level theoretical perspective in sociology that addresses the manner in which individuals create and maintain society through face-to-face, repeated, meaningful interactions.† (Carter and Fuller, 2015; 1) The fundamental thought of social Interactionist is that individuals communicate withinRead MoreEssay on Theoretical Positions of Jung, Adler, and Freud1471 Words   |  6 Pagespsychologist, and one of the best influential thinkers of the early twentieth century. In this theory of psychoanalysis, Freud believed that the best way to view the human mind was through a sexual perspective. The main tenet of his theory was that the human mind consisted of three basic components: the Id, the ego, and the superego. Individually, Freud believed that when these components conflict, shaping personality, only therapeutic treatment would prevent neurosis (Putnam, 1917). Read MoreThe Caretaker View Of Children s Rights2733 Words   |  11 PagesThe new sociology of childhood will be referenced to outline further wrongdoing of the ‘caretaker view’. It will be argued that children should be seen as individuals rather than a group, therefore their capabilities cannot be judged collectively. Strengths of the protectionist view will be shown through the vast amount of legislation and policy surrounding children, which still is largely based on protectionist values. Additionally, the paper will draw on Sue Palmer’s book ‘Toxic Childhood’ toRead MoreJohn Locke : Father Of Liberalism1918 Words   |  8 Pageshumans. When looking at another one of John Locke’s pieces of work to explain Liberalism, his ideas came from his Second Treatise of Government. Examining this piece, it concentrated on the truths within the condition of nature. This comprised his tenet that God did not grant superiority to any man on earth, therefore no man could be superior to any other (Locke, 84). Additionally, with equality being the substantial pillar in John Locke’s definition of Liberalism, he is seen as the father of LiberalismRead MoreCan You Be Happy Without God?8898 Words   |  36 Pagesof adolescent identity, secularisation of society, and eventually answ ering my hypothesis of whether a religious individual is one who has a more fulfilling life. Conducting my PIP was both a stressful and rewarding process. It required me to cross new boundaries and gain a deeper understanding of the effects of religiosity on an individual. Through the completion of my PIP I have achieved a greater sense of social and cultural literacy and have been better able to understand my own identity as aRead MoreIdentity And The Search For The Self Among The Sub Continental Diaspora10173 Words   |  41 Pagesindividual’s choices and preferences, personality traits, affiliation to organisations, activities and material possessions. The concept of Identity has been defined and studied in different fields of studies ranging from Psychology, Anthropology, Sociology and Cultural Studies. Recent trends in Psychology on Identity Theory: In the recent past identity is seen as a self-narrative which is held as the base for the construct of a person’s identity. The behaviour in salience to the social setting isRead MoreStatement of Purpose23848 Words   |  96 Pages....................................................................................................... 18 Social Work .......................................................................................................................... 20 Sociology .............................................................................................................................. 21 II. Natural Sciences, Mathematics, and Engineering ................................................................Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesothers who should know better) to trivialize this very problematic and challenging subject. This is not the case with the present book. This is a book that deserves to achieve a wide readership. Professor Stephen Ackroyd, Lancaster University, UK This new textbook usefully situates organization theory within the scholarly debates on modernism and postmodernism, and provides an advanced introduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, including chapters on phenomenology, critical theory and psychoanalysis

Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Industrialization Essay

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing gastrointestinal condition currently affecting a total of about 28 million people worldwide (cite). Although it is not considered a fatal condition, painful and disabling symptoms can have a profound detrimental effect on patients’ quality of life. Current understandings behind the etiology of IBD emphasize genetic predispositions to gastrointestinal immune system imbalances. However, pathophysiological understandings of IBD seem to be limited as explanatory tools given the distribution of IBD cases in industrialized and non-industrialized countries. Therefore, this paper will provide an overview of the biological aspect of IBD alongside significant environmental drivers of the†¦show more content†¦Yet, IBD is much less prevalent in the Jewish population of Israel, which depicts how IBD manifests for reasons beyond genetics. Accordingly, it is important to remember that both genes and lifestyle are inherited from our parents. In general, an infection, which provokes an inflammatory state in people with and without IBD, may cause every individual to have temporary GI inflammation and stir up symptoms of abdominal pain and diarrhea. Following the acute infection, most individuals reset their immune system and return to the previous state of controlled, low level inflammation. Individuals with various genetic abnormalities for IBD however, demonstrate an overly aggressive T-cell response wherein the immune system fails to reset itself and the colon does not return to its previous healthy state. Instead, there is a chronic inflammatory state, with a persistent imbalance between the factors that increase the body’s immune response and those that limit it. The onset and reactivation of disease are triggered by environmental factors that transiently break the mucosal barrier, stimulate immune responses or alter the balance between beneficial and pathogenic enteric bacteria. Both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis patients have high levels of CD4+ T lymphocytes in their mucosa. CD4+Show MoreRelatedInflammation and Infection Caused by Diverticulitis Essay554 Words   |  3 Pagespatients will require surgery to remove the effective section of bowel. (Fox Stollman, 2010) Patients with diverticulitis can learn to care for themselves and decrease their chance of a re-occurring bout of diverticulitis by practicing healthy bowel habits by eating at regular intervals, eating high fiber foods, drinking plenty of fluids, not straining while having a bowel movement, and not relying on a laxative to have a bowel movement.(webmd.com) Diverticulitis is responsible for over 300Read MoreNotes On Wild Fruits 1311 Words   |  6 Pageshighly for their therapeutic uses which treated some diseases. The berries were used for the calming effect on the liver, spleen and blood and even the irritating stomach. Simultaneously the berries soothed the fainting spirits and were effective to cure inflammations but advised not to use during fevers since it might cause acidity in the stomach and give rise to hysterics. The strawberries were also prescribed to the patients to promote bowel movement. (Densmore 2005) The leaves ofRead MorePlant Pudina4642 Words   |  19 Pagesthe plant is collected and dried in shade, before use. The plant is used as an house hold remedy since many centuries. It is seldom used externally. Internally, the juice of the leaves with cardamom, cloves and cinnamon is used in infants for the bowel complaints and loss of appetite. The plant is also used against chronic malaria. In children, it is used in abdominal pain, diarrhea and dyspepsia, associated with fever. The combination of kalamegha, nadihingu, vaca, hingu (Asofoetida) and trikatu

Assignment on Business Intelligence for Crime- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Write about theAssignment on Business Intelligence for Crime. Answer: The social problem that adversely affects the quality of life and dampens the economic growth of any society is generally termed as Crime. It is the unwanted action of individual people or a gang of people that takes place at certain time of the day and at certain location that distorts the social balance of any region. In present scenario, prediction of crime and its pattern has been a matter of concern for the department of criminology of different country. One of the contemporary research on this topic highlights that researcher tries to work on the existing literature and elucidate the importance of news and other media channels in influencing the crime pattern and rate (Mookiah, Elberle and Siraj 2015). Another research based on Merseyside (Milo et al. 2013), UK highlights the existence of correlation between the increased crime rate and spatial location of its occurrence. Research carried out by Dr. Vijayakumar, Dr. Karthick Praksh (2013), used GIS and clustering simulation in identifying the pattern and thereby forecasting the possibility of criminal activity in Tamil Nadu, India. According to Almanie, Mirza and Lor the unethical actions takes place based on certain patterns. The authors compared their work and stated that in spite of the fact that there has been many research carried on in this genre but none of the contemporary literature considered the multi correlation between time, location and crime type. The main aim of the work by Almanie and his fellow researchers is to explore the existing available data set in finding out the pattern of crime and identifying the spatial location of these criminal activities. After finding out the pattern, the study tries to generate a model that might help in predicting the future tile and location of upcoming criminal activity. The chosen paper mainly tries to identify the types of crime and predict the future occurrence of the same. Data set have been collected for the region of Los Angeles and Denver. Two tools namely Naive Bayesian classifier and Decision Tree classifier have been used to predict the crime type in this paper. In the contemporary works map application has been used in predicting the crime type. The researchers have collected the data and initially categorised them into 14 different crime types. In order to obtain a frequently occurred pattern, the types have been transformed into 6 types of crime occurring in these two regions. These six types of crime are assault, taking drugs alcohol, other crimes, public disorder, theft and white collar crimes (Almanie, Mirza and Lor 2015). After putting the data in tabular form and constructing the graph it has been observed that the problem of theft is the mostly occurred incident in both Los Angeles and Denver. The prediction also showed that occurrence of theft has been evenly distributed throughout the different days in the week. It has been seen that Naive Bayesian model predicted the crime type more accurately than the Decision tree model. The calculation has been done on the basis of Bayes theorem whereby the independent effects between the different attributes have been measured by Multinomial Naive Bayes. In doing so it used 4 variables namely the month of occurrence, day when it occurred, the time and spatial location of the occurrence of crime. In Denver, the model showed 51% accuracy whereas in Los Angeles it was 54% accurate (Almanie, Mirza and Lor 2015). The different research on criminology has shown different patterns in crime rate, crime type, time and month of occurrence and so on. In this particular given paper it has been observed that three variables namely location, time and type of crime. However, the study showed that the crime had occurred in region where more youths reside than on regions where more middle aged people and old people resides. Again in region where the demography is bias towards male dwellers are prone to experience higher level of criminal activity than the region which is dominated by female residents. Hence for further study few more variables can be included to study the pattern of criminal activities of any region. Research may be conducted by considering income as a variable (Enamorado et al. 2016). In addition, the average educational qualification of the people in particular regions can also be taken as a variable along with the demographic pattern of the same region. This might yield some more inte resting, unknown fact about the occurrence of crime and help the society in establishing a better law enforcement thereby safeguarding the people of that particular society. References: Almanie, T., Mirza, R. and Lor, E., 2015. Crime Prediction Based On Crime Types And Using Spatial And Temporal Criminal Hotspots.arXiv preprint arXiv:1508.02050. Enamorado, T., Lpez-Calva, L.F., Rodrguez-Casteln, C. and Winkler, H., 2016. Income inequality and violent crime: Evidence from Mexico's drug war.Journal of Development Economics,120, pp.128-143. Milo, M.W., Richards, S.C., Saraf, P., Malambo, L. and Bhattacharjee, T., Crime Hotspot Tracking and Geospatial Analysis in Merseyside, UK. Mookiah, L., Eberle, W. and Siraj, A., 2015, April. Survey of Crime Analysis and Prediction. InFLAIRS Conference(pp. 440-443). VijayaKumar, M., Karthick, S. and Prakash, N., 2013. The day-to-day crime forecasting analysis of using spatial-temporal clustering simulation.International Journal of Scientific Engineering Research,4(1), pp.1-6.

How to Read Literature Like a Professor (PS-SQ) Flashcard

How to Read Literature Like a Professor (PS-SQ)

The Role Of Self Focus As A Function Of Siginfican Essays

The Role Of Self Focus As A Function Of Siginfican Essays The Role Of Self Focus As A Function Of Siginficance In Sexual Dysfunction Introduction It is a popular belief that being physically attractive is of greater importance for women than for men in todays society, particularly in attracting the opposite sex. Several studies have found support for this difference in the context of dating and mate selection. In an early study, Strauss (1946) asked what traits would be most critical in a marriage partner and found that males rated physical attractiveness significantly higher than females did. Coombs and Kenkel (1966) asked a similar question about potential dating partners and found a similar gender difference. Harrison and Saeed (1977) examined a series of advertisements and found that females were more likely than males to emphasize their physical attractiveness. In a study conducted by Nevid (1984), subjects were asked to rate various physical, social, and personality characteristics in terms of their importance in determining choice of romantic partners. The results of this study indicated that males placed greater import ance on characteristics such as weight, body shape, and overall build, while females emphasized characteristics such as warmth, honesty, and fidelity. On the basis of this frame of reasoning, it can be appropriate to infer that women are socialized to believe that to be an adequate sex partner, they must conform to societal norms regarding physical attractiveness. As a result, women are continually faced with meeting the demands prescribed on them through society. They are expected to present themselves as attractive, appealing, sexy individuals. Accordingly, the low sexual esteem that may ensue from the pressures of conforming to the dictates of society among women is an often overlooked phenomenon It is abundantly clear that physical attractiveness among women serves a puissant element in sexual relationships. This emphasis on physical attributes continues as relationships become more solidified, and couples are married. (Margolin and White, 1987). Contrary to the belief that the component of physical attractiveness declines in value through years of marriage, it has been demonstrated that this is clearly not the case. As marriages and spouses age, women may live with the increasing likelihood of comparisons and competition from women who are much younger than themselves (Margolin and White, 1987). Consequently, the relationship of physical attractiveness to marital sexuality and its immediate impact on cognitive processes serves as a vital component in amalgamating a synthesis for sexual dysfunction in women. Rationale Many factors have been identified in the development of sexual dysfunction, ranging from communication problems, sexual misinformation, deleterious relationships, and faulty learning processes. The focus of this paper, however, is directed to an expansion of the original concept of spectatoring, proposed by Masters and Johnson (1970). Upon acquiring a basic level of comprehension on sexuality and its impact on relationships, I found myself speculating about plausible contributing factors to sexual problems between couples. In becoming more familiar with Masters and Johnsons (1970) work, I am motivated to unveil the affect of cognitive distractions (specifically, the impact of self-focus) on the level of satisfaction in sexual relationships. The Concept of Spectatoring Masters and Johnson (1970) originated the concept of spectatoring. Spectatoring, or excessive self-focus, refers to an inspection and monitoring of ones own sexual activity. According to Masters and Johnson (1970), when cognitive interference occurs, it leads to arousal of the autonomic nervous system, thereby producing a negative emotional state that is not usually synonymous with sexual arousal and pleasure. Based on these fundamentals, it is postulated that anxiety about sexual performance, which may stem from an inward, self-focus on ones abilities and appearance, is the most important immediate cause of sexual dysfunction. Carver (1979) conceptualized self-focus in the following way: When attention is self-directed, it sometimes takes the form of focus on internal perceptual events, that is, information from those sensory receptors that to react to changes in bodily activity. Self-focus may also take the form of an enhanced awareness of ones present or past physical behavior, that is, a heightened cognizance of what one is doing or what one is like. Alternatively, self-attention can be an awareness of the more or less permanently encoded bits of information that compromise, for example, ones attitudes. It can even be an enhanced awareness of temporarily encoded bits of information that have been gleamed from previous focus

Franchising & Small Business - Business Plan Essay

Franchising & Small Business - Business Plan - Essay Example Business plans expansion in domain where business will provide marinated (ready to heat) food for the target audience. The company plans to meet breakeven by year end. Target audience of the Indo-Pak Meals Corner would include people in Melbourne who have taste buds for Asian spices-enriched food. It shall exclusively cater residents and immigrants from India, and Pakistan and other countries of that region like Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. India is the largest exporter of its skilled worker to Australia in the year 2012 and constitutes15.7 percent of the total program for immigration (Australian education international, 2012). This growing number, along with already residing Indians shall provide good potential for business. Indians are very much into their typical home-done food and this has been taken as opportunity to attract especially immigrants to have home flavor on outside their land. Another main component of target audience, Pakistani though comprise small percentage of total Australian population but students from Pakistan are constantly growing in double digit in Australia with growth rate of 17.6 percent. Again these people are new entrants to land of Australia and are attracted to the home spices. Indo-Pak Meals Corner plans to operate with four full time employees, a chief chef, chef, helper (for grocery, cutting and cooking) and service man. Initial outlay comprises of location, licensing, fixed and other expenses as the outlet is a start-up from zero. Indo-Pak Meals Corner exists to provide people with the best blend of food from India and Pakistan flavors to any one and everyone with need of daily fresh handy meal ready to eat on their way to destination. This company has no background history and a new start up. However, it plans to develop long history of tasty food. The management of the company has expertise in managing restaurant offering such spicy foods. In short term the business

Working while being a college student is bad Essay

Working while being a college student is bad - Essay Example Not every student is fit for a work study but a large number participate in the program since they have no other source of funds to cater for their educational expenses. Working while in college comes with some challenges that pose significant obstacles to the students in their pursuit to attain educational excellence thus making it a bad idea. It is prudent that working while in college is not advisable as it is associated with a number of drawbacks that include; careful in managing time for both the job and school work, stress related to the job as well as the wages earned might induce the students into dropping from their studies to concentrate on those jobs (Perozzi 37). Time is a precious resource for any college students since he/she has to balance all activities to attain both academic and extra curriculum excellence. Part-time jobs while in college come with an additional time obligation since the students concerned will have to set aside between four to twenty hours a week for working depending on the kind of jobs they undertake. That implies that students who take work study programs should have an excellent sense of time management for them to juggle between school work and job obligations. Conversely, a majority of the students who are working while in college they do not evaluate their time management abilities prior to indulging in the program rather the desire to make an extra dollar or rather financial constraints drive them to the program. Often students who do not manage to balance their studies with job obligations end up failing in their GPA or worse situations drop out of college before graduating (48). It is apparent that working w hile at college is something that comes along with extra demand for the students’ time thus imposing additional pressure on their lives a thing that a majority of the students are not capable of handling. Conversely, students are denied the chance to take other